目录 | 《电化学》2023年第3、4期（锂硫电池专辑）文章速览
专辑介绍：《电化学》期刊2023年出版《锂硫电池专辑》，分为上、下两期，由陈人杰教授、陈嘉嘉教授、金钟教授共同担任客座编辑。
本专辑为全英文，收录8篇锂硫电池方向的综述和研究论文。扫描或识别二维码，免费查看、下载文献的PDF全文。
陈嘉嘉, 陈人杰, 金钟. “锂硫电池”专辑序言[J]. 电化学, 2023, 29(3): 2217000.
Yu Luo, Ru-Qin Ma, Zheng-Liang Gong, Yong Yang. Recent Research Progresses of Solid-State Lithium-Sulfur Batteries[J]. Journal of Electrochemistry, 2023, 29(3): 2217007.
All solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries (ASSLSBs) are considered to be one of the most promising next-generation energy storage systems, due to the promises of high energy density and safety. Although the use of solid-state electrolytes could effectively suppress the "shuttle effect" and self-discharge of the conventional liquid lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery, the commercialization of ASSLSBs has been seriously hampered by the electrolyte degradation, electrode/electrolyte interfacial deterioration, electrochemo-mechanical failure, lithium dendrite growth and electrode pulverization, etc. This paper provides a comprehensive review of recent research progresses on the solid-state electrolytes, sulfur-containing composite cathodes, lithium metal and lithium alloy anodes, and electrode/electrolyte interfaces in ASSLSBs. Specifically, lithium sulfide and metal sulfide as new active cathode materials, and lithium alloy as new anode materials are overviewed and analyzed. In addition, some newly developed interfacial modification strategies for addressing the electrode/electrolyte interfacial challenges are also outlined. Furthermore, an outlook on the future research and development of high-performance ASSLSBs are also presented.
Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries attract sustained attention because of their ultrahigh theoretical energy density of 2567 Wh·kg-1 and the actual value over 600 Wh·kg-1. Solid-state Li-S batteries (SSLSBs) emerge in the recent two decades because of the enhanced safety when compared to the liquid system. As for the SSLSBs, except for the difference in the conversion mechanism induced by the cathode materials themselves, the physical-chemical property of solid electrolytes (SEs) also significantly affects their electrochemical behaviors. On account of various reported Li-S batteries, the advantages and disadvantages in performance and the failure mechanism are discussed in this review. Based on the problems of the reported SSLSBs such as lower energy density and faster capacity fading, the strategies of building high-performance SSLSBs are classified. The review aims to afford fundamental understanding on the conversion mechanism of sulfur and engineering design at full-cell level, so as to promote the development of SSLSBs.
The commercial application of lithium-sulfur batteries (LSB) is still limited by the irreversible capacity fading caused by the shuttle of lithium polysulfides (LIPS). To address this issue, a bimetal (nickel, cobalt)-organic framework (MOF) derived carbon, (Ni, Co)/C, was prepared to modify the separator. The multifunctionally modified separator effectively captures LIPS, ensuring the stability and reversibility of sulfur fixation, while providing catalytic activity and improving ionic conductivity. The cobalt metal has a larger coordination number, more pore structure distribution, larger specific surface area, more surface C=O, and smaller particle size to achieve a large and rapid chemical sulfur fixation. The high conductivity provided by nickel, and the catalytic activity and the ability to block LIPS shuttling enabled the reversibility of sulfur inhibition. The synergistic effect of cobalt-nickel bimetals significantly improves the cycling stability and rate capability of LSB. At a current density of 1 C, the capacity of the (Ni, Co)/C modified separator battery could reach 1035.6 mAh·g-1 in the first cycle, the capacity remained at 662.2 mAh·g-1 after 500 cycles, and the capacity retention rate was 63.9%.
Practical applications of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are hindered mainly by the low sulfur utilization and severe capacity fading derived from the polysulfide shuttling. Catalysis is an effective remedy to those problems by promoting the conversion of polysulfides to reduce their accumulation in the electrolyte, which needs the catalyst to have efficient adsorption ability to soluble polysulfides and high activity for their conversion. In this work, we have proposed a bimetallic compound of NiCo2S4 anchored onto sulfur-doped graphene (NCS@SG) to fabricate a catalytic interlayer for Li-S batteries. Compared to CoS, the NiCo2S4 demonstrated much higher catalytic activity toward sulfur reduction reaction due to its multiple anchoring and catalytic active sites derived from the coordination of the bimetallic centers. As a result, the NCS@SG interlayer dramatically improved the specific capacity, rate performance, and cycling stability of Li-S batteries. Especially, when the areal sulfur loading of the NCS@SG battery increased to 15.3 mg·cm-2, the high-capacity retention of 93.9 % could be achieved over 50 cycles.
Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery is one of the promising energy storage devices because of its high energy density. However, the sulfur cathode suffers from sluggish electrochemical reaction kinetics, slow charge transfer, large volume expansion and severe shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides inevitably resulting in low reversible capacity, poor rate performance and short cycle life, limiting its practical applications. Herein, the recent progress of cobalt/carbon composites, including cobalt nanoparticles and cobalt single atoms, as the sulfur host materials in Li-S batteries is overviewed. In general, cobalt plays the role of electrocatalyst, which inhibits the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides, accelerates the electrochemical reaction kinetics, facilitates ion/electron transfer and alleviates volume expansion. Meanwhile, the prospects for the development of cobalt/carbon composites as sulfur hosts in Li-S batteries are proposed. It is expected to offer a whole blueprint and constructive suggestions for the cobalt/carbon composites as sulfur hosts for Li-S batteries, and these strategies can also be effective for other metal-sulfur batteries.
Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have become one of the most promising next-generation battery systems due to their high energy density and low cost. However, the application of Li-S batteries still faces critical challenges, such as the low conductivities of S and Li2S, shuttle effect of polysulfides and dendrite growth of Li, etc. The optimization of the electrolyte can ameliorate the electrolyte|electrode interphase, conveniently regulating the parasitic reaction and improving the performance of the resultant batteries. The functional additives in electrolytes provide chances to tune the interphase and even the redox mechanism to improve the performance of the batteries. In this review, we systematically summarize the latest progresses of additives for Li-S batteries. The additives are classified according to the category that lies on the protection of Li metal anode or the stabilization of S cathode. The functions of additives on the S cathode such as the inhibitions of dissolution and shuttle of the polysulfides, the redox mediators, and the activation of Li2S deposits are discussed in detail. Finally, the prospects of additives for Li-S batteries are supplied in brief. We hope that the review can provide a guidance in the design of electrolyte for high-performance Li-S batteries.
Lithium-sulfur batteries are recognized as one of the most promising next-generation energy storage devices, owing to the high theoretical energy density of 2600 Wh·kg-1. However, their application has been seriously hindered by the sluggish electrochemical reaction kinetics of elemental sulfur and discharged products (Li2S2/Li2S), and the notorious “shuttle effect” of soluble intermediate lithium polysulfide species, leading to poor cycle stability, low sulfur utilization and inferior coulombic efficiency. Introducing catalytic hosts into sulfur cathode is an efficient path to propel the conversion of sulfur-contained species, thus preventing the dissolution and loss of active-sulfur material in lithium-sulfur batteries. In this review, we summarize recent progresses on the uses of metals and alloys as the core catalytic host of sulfur, and demonstrate the catalytic mechanism in the conversion process of sulfur species with the help of metal and alloy hosts. Finally, future outlooks are proposed on the construction of catalytic hosts and the development of high-energy lithium-sulfur batteries.
Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries show attractive prospects owing to their high theoretical energy density, but their commercialization still faces such challenges as lithium polysulfides shuttling, severe volume change and considerable polarization. These stubborn issues place higher demands on each component in the battery, such as the development of multifunctional binders with superior mechanical properties. Herein, ethoxylated trimethylolpropane triacrylate was firstly introduced into sulfur cathodes, and in-situ cross-linked by ultraviolet (UV) curing combined with traditional polyvinylidene difluoride binder (i.e., forming a binary binder, denoted as c-ETPTA/PVDF) to construct high-loading and durable Li-S batteries. The covalently cross-linked ETPTA framework not only significantly enhances the mechanical strength of the laminate, but also offers a strong chemical affinity for lithium polysulfides due to the abundant oxygen-containing groups. Moreover, the moderate interaction force between ether oxygen bonds and Li+ further accelerates the Li+ transport. As such, the S-c-ETPTA/PVDF electrode exhibited an ultralow attenuation rate of 0.038% at 2 C over 1000 cycles. Even under a sulfur loading of 7.8 mgS·cm-2, an average areal capacity of 6.2 mAh·cm-2 could be achieved after 50 cycles. This work indicates that light-assisted curing technology holds great promise in the fabrication of robust and high-energy-density Li-S batteries.
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